What does a posterior-to-anterior EEG electrode montage refer to?

A posterior-to-anterior EEG electrode montage refers to the arrangement of electrodes from the back to the front of the scalp. This type of montage is instrumental in capturing the electrical activity of the brain as it progresses along the head, allowing clinicians to analyze brain wave patterns, specifically in a manner that highlights changes or abnormalities from the posterior (back) regions of the brain to the anterior (front) regions.

This montage is particularly useful in identifying specific types of brain activity and in diagnosing various neurological conditions. It emphasizes the functional regions of the brain, which can help in evaluating sleep-related disorders, seizure activities, and other neurological events. The configuration also helps in understanding the propagation of electrical signals across different brain areas.

The other options do not pertain to the definition of a posterior-to-anterior montage. For instance, electrode placement at the temples focuses on lateral activity rather than the back-to-front assessment, monitoring heart activity does not relate to EEG montages, and the use of electrodes only on the forehead would not represent the posterior-to-anterior arrangement, as it is limited to the anterior region.